Ukuhluzwa kwesanti ngokuqhelekileyo kusetyenziswa kwishishini lepetroleum kunye neshishini lokucoca amanzi.Umgaqo wokucoca isanti kunye negrabile ikakhulu kukusebenzisa izihluzi okanye izixhobo zokucoca ukwahlula isanti kunye negrabile kwioli okanye amanzi.Ingaphakathi lecebo lokucoca lihlala liqulunqwe ngamajelo okucoca, afana ne-Johnson mesh, i-carbon esebenzayo, i-ceramics, i-screen filter, i-filter element, njl njl.Xa i-oyile okanye amanzi edlula kwisihluzi, ukungcola okufana nesanti kunye nelitye kubanjwe kwindawo yokucoca, ngelixa ioli ecocekileyo okanye amanzi ephuma kwi-outlet yehluzo.
I-Petroleum yenye yemithombo ebalulekileyo yamandla kumashishini anamhlanje.Noko ke, i-petroleum idla ngokuba neentlenga ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezona zixhaphakileyo yintlabathi nentlalutye.Ezi ntlabathi zesanti zinokuchaphazela kakubi ukuhlolisiswa kwe-oyile, ukucutshungulwa kunye nenkqubo yokuthutha, ngoko ke ukucoca isanti likhonkco elibalulekileyo kwishishini leoli.
Ukuze kuhluzwe ngokufanelekileyo isanti kunye negrabile, ishishini lepetroleum lamkele iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo.Oku kulandelayo kuza kwazisa iitekhnoloji ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokucoca isanti kunye negrabile:
Isahluli: Isahluli sisixhobo esihlala sisetyenziselwa ukuhluza isanti kunye negrabile.Yamkela umgaqo wokwahlula ngokwasemzimbeni, kwaye yahlula amasuntswana entlabathi kunye negrabile kwi-oyile ngokusebenzisa intlenga yomxhuzulane, amandla ajikelezayo e-centrifugal okanye amandla okujikeleza.Umgaqo osebenzayo we-separator kukudlulisa i-oyile kunye ne-santi particles ngokusebenzisa isixhobo sokwahlula ngaphakathi kwesixhobo, ukwenzela ukuba ioli ikwazi ukudlula kakuhle, ngelixa i-sand particles iyahlukana.
I-Sieves: I-Sieves yenye indlela eqhelekileyo yokucoca isanti kunye negrabile.Iseta isikrini sokucoca kumbhobho we-oyile ukuvala amasuntswana esanti, ivumela ioli kuphela ukuba ingene.Isikrini sokucoca sinokukhetha ukucolwa kohluzo olwahlukileyo kunye nezinto zokucoca ngokweemfuno.Ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, isihluzi ngokuthe ngcembe siqokelela intlenga, ngoko ke isihluzo kufuneka sicocwe okanye sitshintshwe rhoqo.
Umbambisi: Umbambi sesinye sezixhobo ezisetyenziswa rhoqo ukuhluza isanti kunye negrabile.Ibamba kwaye iqokelele amasuntswana esanti kwioli ngokumisela izixhobo zokuloba.Imigibe ngokuqhelekileyo isebenzisa iibhasikidi okanye izikrini ukuze zibambe iinqununu, ezisuswe ngezixhobo zokucoca.Ukukhethwa kunye noyilo lwemigibe luthathela ingqalelo ubungakanani kunye nokuxinana kwamasuntswana esanti, kunye neemfuno zokuhamba kweoli.
Isihluzi se-Centrifugal: Isihluzo se-Centrifugal sisixhobo esisebenzayo sokuhluza isanti kunye negrabile.Isebenzisa amandla e-centrifugal ukwahlula amasuntswana esanti kwi-oyile.Ngokulungelelanisa isantya sokujikeleza kwesihluzo se-centrifugal kunye nokuyila amandla afanelekileyo e-centrifugal, isanti esebenzayo kunye nokucoca igrabile kunokufezekiswa.Izihluzi ze-Centrifugal zihlala zikwazi ukuphatha umthamo omkhulu weoli kwaye ziyakwazi ukwahlula amasuntswana esanti ngokukhawuleza nangokufanelekileyo.
Xa ukhetha kwaye usebenzisa iindlela zokucoca isanti kunye namatye kunye nezixhobo, izinto ezifana neempawu zeoli, ubungakanani kunye noxinzelelo lwesanti kunye namatye, kunye nokuhamba kweoli kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo.Ukongezelela, ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokucocwa kwezixhobo zokucoca kubaluleke kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwayo okuqhelekileyo kunye nefuthe lokucoca.
Ukuhluza isanti likhonkco eliyimfuneko kushishino lwepetroleum.Ngokukhetha okufanelekileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweteknoloji yokuhluza kunye nezixhobo, umgangatho weoli unokuphuculwa, umngcipheko wokulimala kwezixhobo ungancitshiswa, kunye nokusebenza okuqhubekayo nokusebenzayo kokuveliswa kweoli kunokuqinisekiswa.Iinkampani zePetroleum kufuneka zinike ingqwalasela kumsebenzi wokuhluza isanti kunye negrabile, kwaye zihlale zinikel' ingqalelo kubuchwephesha obutsha kunye nezixhobo, ukuze ziqhubeke nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokucoca kunye nesiphumo.
Amanzi yenye yezinto eziyimfuneko ebomini bethu.Nangona kunjalo, imithombo yamanzi ihlala iqulethe ukungcola okwahlukeneyo, eyona nto ixhaphakileyo kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu yintlabathi kunye namatye.La masuntswana entlabathi anokubangela iingxaki ezininzi kwimithombo yamanzi, njengokuchaphazela umgangatho wamanzi, ukuvala imibhobho, kunye nezixhobo ezonakalisayo.Ngoko ke, ukuhluza isanti kunye negrabile kuye kwaba linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekucoceni imithombo yamanzi.
Umgaqo wokucoca isanti kunye nelitye emanzini usekelwe kwinto yokuba iinqununu ezinobungakanani obukhulu beengqungquthela azikwazi ukudlula kwiipores zehluzo, ngaloo ndlela zifezekise ukuhlukana kwamanzi kunye neengqungquthela.Ubungakanani bepore kunye nesakhiwo sesihluzo simisela ubungakanani kunye nodidi lwamasuntswana anokuthi asuswe.Izinto zokucoca ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka isanti yequartz, ikhabhoni esebenzayo, iiseramics, njl.
Ukucoca ngokufanelekileyo isanti kunye negrabile, sinokusebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo.Oku kulandelayo kuza kwazisa iitekhnoloji ezininzi eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zokucoca isanti kunye nelitye emanzini:
Ukungeniswa: Ukungeniswa yindlela elula nesebenzayo yokucoca.Isebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca ezinoluhlu oluninzi, njengesanti yequartz, i-carbon activated, njl., Ukucoca isanti kunye namasuntswana egrabile ngokusebenzisa i-intermolecular adsorption kunye nokuhlola.Kwinkqubo yokuNgena, amanzi angena kuluhlu oluphezulu kwaye ahluzwe umaleko ngoluhlu ngokusebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca zodidi olwahlukileyo.Le ndlela inokususa ngokufanelekileyo amasuntswana esanti emanzini, kwaye iphinde isuse inani elithile lezinto eziphilayo ezichithwe kunye ne-microorganisms.
Intlenga: Intlenga yindlela yokumisa amasuntswana esanti ngomxhuzulane.Oku sinokukwenza ngamatanki entlenga okanye abahlali.Ngexesha lentlenga, amanzi asebenza ngokucothisa ukuhamba, nto leyo ebangela ukuba amasuntswana esanti azike ngenxa yomxhuzulane.Amasuntswana esanti amakhulu ahlala emazantsi ngokukhawuleza, ngelixa amasuntswana amancinane ehla kancinci.Ngokulawula ixesha le-sedimentation kunye nobunzulu betanki ye-sedimentation, iinqununu zesanti ezinobungakanani obuhlukeneyo zingasuswa.
Ukuhluza: Ukuhluza yindlela yokucoca amasuntswana esanti ngomnatha wobukhulu bepore.Sinokubeka izixhobo zokuhlola ezifana nezikrini okanye izihluzi kumthombo wamanzi.Ezi zixhobo zokuhlola zineepores ezinobungakanani obuhlukeneyo ukukhetha isanti kunye namasuntswana egrabile.Amasuntswana amakhulu aya kuhluzwa kwaye amanzi acocekileyo aya kudlula.Inkqubo ye-sieving ilula kwaye iyasebenza kwaye idla ngokusetyenziselwa ukuhluza amaqhekeza amakhulu.
Ukubaluleka kokuhluza isanti kunye negrabile akunakunakwa.Iincinci zesanti aziyi kuchaphazela kuphela ukungafihli kunye nokunambitha kwamanzi, kodwa kunye nemiphumo emibi kwiinkqubo zomthombo wamanzi kunye nezixhobo.Amasuntswana esanti angakwazi ukuvala imibhobho, ukuhamba kancinci kwamanzi, ukwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla, kwaye kubangele ukuguga kunye nomonakalo kwizixhobo.Ukuhluzwa rhoqo kwesanti kunye negrabile akunakuqinisekisa kuphela ukhuseleko kunye nococeko lwemithombo yamanzi, kodwa nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo yemibhobho kunye nezixhobo kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokugcinwa.
